What is meant by "blood-borne pathogens"?

"Blood-borne pathogens" refer to infectious microorganisms that are carried in human blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include various viruses and bacteria that pose a health risk primarily through exposure to blood and certain bodily fluids. For example, HIV, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C are well-known blood-borne pathogens that can be transmitted through sharing needles, transfusions, or other means of blood contact. Understanding the definition and implications of blood-borne pathogens is crucial in medical and clinical settings for the prevention and management of infections.

The other choices do not accurately represent what blood-borne pathogens are. Viruses that cause common colds are typically spread through respiratory droplets and not through blood. Pathogens found in dental plaque are related to oral infections and are not specifically blood-borne. Similarly, bacteria found in the gastrointestinal tract are related to digestive health and are not transmitted through blood. Thus, the correct choice captures the essence of the term "blood-borne pathogens," highlighting their infectious nature and mode of transmission.